Car-wheel.



Patented July @899.

ATTOR N EY F. E. (IAN DA.

GAR WHEEL.

(Application filed m 26, 18 98.)

(No Model.)

WITNESSES:

NI'IED S'rrrrns FERDINAND E. CANDA, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y.

CAR-WHEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters'Pat ent No. 628,694, dated July11, 1899.

Application filed May 26, 1898. Serial No. 681,760. (No model.)

To all whom, it treaty concur/t:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND E. OANDA, a citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car-Wheels5 and Ido hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to car wheels, and resides in a modification of thecar-wheel covered by my patent for a ear-wheel, No. 605,391, dated June7 1898. The car-wheel illustrated and described in said patent consistsof a cast-steel rim and hub connected by wroughtiron or steel spokesformed separately from the hub and rim and welded into the hub and rimduring the casting of the wheel by the heat of the molten metal and thepressure prod uced by the solidification and shrinkage thereof. Thewheel so made is exceedingly strong and is capable of carrying heavyloads and of with-- standing severe shocks and stresses, and be cause ofthe material of which its rim is composed it is able to withstand thefriction of the brake-shoes or the friction due to skidding upon thetrack with less Wear than the chilled cast-iron wheels at present inuse. For some purposes,however,the great strength of the wheel describedin my said Patent No.

.6 05,39l is not required, and it is desirable to employ a wheel whichmay be made more cheaply, but which has the same power to resist wear.Wheels which are to be used under comparatively light cars which are notrun at a high rate of speed do not require as great strength as wheelswhich are to be used under heavier cars which are run at a high rate ofspeed, and the trailer cars of street- .railw'ays need not be as strongas the wheels of motor-cars.

My present invention consists in making a car-wheel with a cast-steelrim and a hub composed of cast-iron or other suitable metal, the rim andhub being connected by wrought-iron or steel spokes which are weldedinto the rim, but are merely held mechanically by the hub.

The object of my invention is to provide a car-wheel composedprincipally of steel and having its spokes and rim welded together,which is capable of enduring a large amount of wear and may beconstructed cheaply. This object is attained in the invention hereindescribed and illustrated in the drawings which accompany and form apart of this specification, in which the same referencenumerals indicatethe same or corresponding parts, and in which- Figure l is an elevationof a car-wheel embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 is a diametral sectionof the wheel.

In the drawings, 1 is the rim of the wheel, and 2 the hub.

3 3 are the spokes, formed of wrought-iron or mild steel and the ends ofwhich project into the rim 1 and hub 2, respectively, and are weldedinto the rim, so as to be substantially integral therewith, and are heldmechanically in the hub by the shrinkage of the molten metal about theirends during the casting of the hub.

In making the wheel a mold is made as if the wheel were to be cast entire,separate gates, risers, and vents, however, being provided for therim and hub molds. The spokes formed by cutting beams of structuralwrought-iron or steel into proper lengths and bending and tapering theblanks, if desired,are then placed within the mold in the recessesformed by the spokes of the pattern, their ends projecting into the rimand hub molds. Before placing the spokes into the mold their ends arecovered with a protecting-glaze formed by boraX or other suitablematerial. The mold is then closed, and when convenient is poured, moltensteel of a suitable quality being poured into the rim-mold first, andafter the metal of the rim has set and most of the shrinkage toward thecenter of the wheel has taken place molten iron being poured into thehub-mold. The molten steel for" the rim is poured at a temperatureenough higher than that actually required to permit the metal to fillthe mold, to overcome the tendency of the spokes to chill the metalabout their ends, and to raise the ends of the spokes to a welding heat.The heat, together with the great pressure caused by the contraction ofthe metal about the ends of the spokes, welds the spokes into the rim.The metal of the hub holds the spokes firmly by reason of thecontraction of the molten metal about the ends of the spokes. Preferablythe inner ends of the spokes are provided with locking-holes 4 4, asshown, so that the molten metal by filling these holes may positivelyinterlock the spokes with the hub.

After the Wheel has cooled it is annealed at a cherry-red heat to removethe brittleness of the cast-steel, to relieve internal stresses, and torestore the metal of the spokes to its original condition.

In stating in'the above description and in one of the following claimsthat the spokes are connected mechanically to the hub I mean that thespokes are firmly secured to the hub without actual uniting of the metalof the spokes and hub, as would be the case Were the spokes Welded intothe hub as they are into the rim.

Having thus completely described my i11- vention, What I claim, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A car-wheel having a cast-steel rim, a series of spokes formedseparately from the rim, from a tough Welding metal, and Welded into therim, and a hub composed of cast-iron or other suitable material,inclosing the ends of the spokes, substantially as described.

2. A car-Wheel having a cast-steel rim, a series of spokes formedseparately from the rim, from a tough welding metal, and Welded into therim, and a hub to which said spokes are connected mechanicallybut notintegrally, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

FERDINAND E. OANDA.

Vitnesses:

(J. P. HAUGHITON, H. M. MARBLE.

